Table 1 -- The Chemicals Tested in Thirteen Mainers

 

Chemical Group

Medium Tested Units of Measurement

 

Chemical Tested

 

Chemical Description

 

Phthalates

 

Tested in Urine

 

Results reported as nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml) or parts per billion (ppb)

MMP

Mono-methyl phthalate

A metabolite of DMP (dimethyl phthalate)

MEP

Mono-ethyl phthalate

A metabolite of DEP (diethyl phthalate)

MBP

Mono-butyl phthalate

A metabolite of DBP (dibutyl phthalate)

MBzP

Mono-benzyl phthalate

A metabolite of BzBP (benzylbutyl phthalate)

MEHP

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate

 

All three are metabolites of DEHP, which is di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

MEOHP

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate

MEHHP

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate

PBDEs

Tested in blood

Results reported as picograms per gram (pg/g) on a lipid weight basis or parts per trillion (ppt)

 

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers

 

46 different PBDEs were measured of the 209 congeners that exist. See Table 2 for full list.

PBDE congeners are named from BDE-1 to BDE-209. They differ only by the location and number of the bromine atoms, which varies from 1 to 10. Congeners are chemical compounds that share the same basic structure.

 

PFCs

or perfluorinated chemicals

 

Tested in blood

 

Results reported as nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL) or parts per billion

PFBA

Perfluorobutanoic acid

 

PFOA is the most prominent among this group of perfluorinated carboxylic acids. It has eight carbon atoms. The related compounds in this group range from having four to twelve carbon atoms. While PFOA is being phased out of some products, all of these compounds are possible breakdown products or manufacturing intermediates of other commercial PFCs.

PFPeA

Perfluoro-n-pentanoic acid

PFHxA

Perfluorohexanoic acid

PFHpA

Perfluoroheptanoic acid

PFOA

Perfluorooctanoic acid

PFNA

Perfluorononanoic acid

PFDA

Perfluorodecanoic acid

PFUnA

Perfluoroundecanoic acid

PFDoA

Perfluorododecanoic acid

PFBS

Perfluorobutanesulfonate

Among these perfluorinated sulfonates, PFOS was phased out of Scotchgard in 2000 and replaced with PFBS. PFHxS is still used.

PFHxS

Perfluorohexanesulfonate

PFOS

Perfluorooctanesulfonate

PFOSA

Perfluorooctanesulfonamide

A breakdown product of PFCs, which breaks down itself into PFOS

BPA

Tested in blood

Results in ng/mL or ppb

BPA

Bisphenol A

Monomer for polycarbonate plastic

BADGE-4OH

A metabolite of BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) used in epoxy resins

Metals

 

Lead: tested in blood

Results in ug/dL

 

Methylmercury: tested in hair

Results in ng/g or ppb

 

Arsenic: tested in urine

Results in ug/L or ppb

Lead

A soft metal that readily escapes from products with skin contact, as a dust that can be ingested or inhaled, or dissolved in drinking water.

Methylmercury

A highly toxic form of mercury produced by bacteria in wetland environments from mercury pollution of the air and water, which builds up to high levels in fish and wildlife.

Arsenic (total, inorganic and As(III)

Total arsenic includes organic arsenic which is relatively low in toxicity as well as highly toxic inorganic arsenic. Arsenic(III) is the most toxic form of inorganic arsenic.

Table 2 -- Complete Results of Chemical Screening of Thirteen Mainers

 

Chemical Class

Chemical Tested

Regina Creeley

Dana Dow

Paulette Dingley

Amy Graham

Bettie Kettell

Russell Libby

Hannah Pingree

Lauralee Raymond

Vi Raymond

Elise Roux

Charlie Schmidt

Eric Stirling

Denyse Wilson

 

Phthalates

in URINE

 

In each box:

The 1st result is in ng/mL or ~ parts per billion (ppb);

 

The 2nd result is in ug/gCr-L (creatinine-corrected) or ~ ppb

MMP

< 3.32

< 3.42

< 1.73

< 1.16

12.1

46.5

5.17

7.18

2.99

7.29

13.1

8.9

26.6

23.1

21.6

14.2

19.6

22.7

15.8

8.19

< 6.28

< 5.87

5.56

6.78

< 26.3

< 17.2

MEP

 

10.3

10.6

81.5

54.7

45.9

177

26.7

37.1

24.4

59.5

29

19.6

172

150

105

69.1

121

140

395

205

20.7

19.3

38.1

46.5

73.9

48.3

MBP

26.2

27.0

32

21.5

22.6

86.9

15.7

21.8

28

68.3

38.7

26.1

75.7

65.8

107

70.4

66.2

76.5

97.4

50.5

48.5

45.3

35.4

43.2

141

92.2

MBzP

 

28.2

29.1

20.8

13.6

17.9

68.8

9.12

12.7

25.1

61.2

46.8

31.6

54

47

12.7

8.36

26.5

30.6

127

65.8

6.73

6.29

22.5

27.4

30.5

19.9

MEHP

 

10.2

10.5

2.42

1.62

8.18

31.5

5.23

7.26

13

31.7

24.7

16.7

45.3

39.4

23.3

15.3

57.9

66.9

7.89

4.09

4.52

4.22

2.82

3.44

10.8

7.06

MEOHP

 

15.4

15.9

6.15

4.13

8.05

31.0

7.47

10.4

30.9

75.4

27.6

18.6

106

92.2

52.1

34.3

114

132

29.1

15.1

8.56

8.00

8.81

10.7

22.6

14.8

MEHHP

 

41.3

42.6

12.5

8.39

29.5

113

23.9

33.2

66.4

162

59.5

40.2

197

171

95.8

63.0

280

324

54.5

28.2

43.6

40.7

20.6

25.1

49.6

32.4

Total Phthalates

133

137

156

105

144

555

93.3

130

191

465

239

162

677

588

418

275

685

793

727

377

136

127

134

163

342

223

Chemical Class

Chemical Tested

Regina Creeley

Dana Dow

Paulette Dingley

Amy Graham

Bettie Kettell

Russell Libby

Hannah Pingree

Lauralee Raymond

Vi Raymond

Elise Roux

Charlie Schmidt

Eric Stirling

Denyse Wilson

 

PFCs

 

in blood SERUM

 

results shown in ng/mL or ~ parts per billion (ppb)

PFBA

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

PFPeA

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.721

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.576

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.544

< 0.544

PFHxA

< 0.476

< 0.476

< 0.478

< 0.476

< 9.86

< 0.476

< 0.476

< 0.487

< 0.476

< 0.719

< 0.755

< 0.539

< 0.811

PFHpA

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

< 0.556

PFOA

1.52

18.4

3.05

1.05

4.55

4.43

5.03

3.7

7.69

3.55

4.41

5.61

1.23

PFNA

0.923

3.07

1.21

< 0.468

1.57

1.86

1.96

0.93

1.61

1.16

1.56

1.37

0.697

PFDA

< 0.504

1.21

< 0.504

< 0.504

0.615

0.551

0.683

< 0.504

1.23

0.628

< 0.504

0.826

< 0.504

PFUnA

< 0.512

1.39

< 0.512

< 0.512

< 0.512

< 0.512

1.19

0.595

0.744

0.69

0.633

0.932

< 0.512

PFDoA

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

< 0.576

PFBS

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

< 1.41

PFHxS

3.44

9.01

1.55

< 1.29

2.19

< 1.29

< 1.29

2.46

< 1.29

< 1.29

2.74

1.57

< 1.29

PFOS

13.7

38

14.4

6.11

21.4

15.4

14.2

13.4

10.9

14.9

25

14.1

6.69

PFOSA

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

< 0.48

Total PFCs

22.3

73.3

25.0

10.8

32.8

25.4

26.0

23.6

25.0

23.8

36.9

26.7

12.0

Chemical Class

Chemical Tested

Regina Creeley

Dana Dow

Paulette Dingley

Amy Graham

Bettie Kettell

Russell Libby

Hannah Pingree

Lauralee Raymond

Vi Raymond

Elise Roux

Charlie Schmidt

Eric Stirling

Denyse Wilson

BPA

 

in blood SERUM

BPA

< 0.752

< 0.52

3.75

< 0.52

< 0.52

< 0.52

< 1.64

< 0.571

4.49

6.64

< 3.24

< 0.52

< 0.52

BADGE-4OH

< 2.6

< 2.6

6.35

2.81

< 4.06

< 2.6

6.69

< 2.6

119

59.7

< 2.6

< 2.6

< 2.6

results shown in ng/mL or ~ parts per billion (ppb)

Chemical Class

Chemical Tested

Regina Creeley

Dana Dow

Paulette Dingley

Amy Graham

Bettie Kettell

Russell Libby

Hannah Pingree

Lauralee Raymond

Vi Raymond

Elise Roux

Charlie Schmidt

Eric Stirling

Denyse Wilson

 

 

PBDEs

 

in blood SERUM

 

results shown in pg/g on a lipid weight basis, which is approximately the same as parts per trillion (ppt)

BDE-7

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-8/11

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-10

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-12/13

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-15

439

86.7

* 141

80.2

200

506

603

225

119

86.1

144

60.6

480

BDE-17/25

154

72.1

36.7

58.1

506

212

58.7

217

69.4

138

202

84.4

* 58.2

BDE-28/33

900

599

350

518

2200

1850

554

1350

608

694

1340

483

801

BDE-30

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 52.1

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-32

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-35

* 102

* 101

* 67.1

46.3

* 69.4

* 101

* 119

* 47.9

* 100

* 41.4

< 27.7

* 68.5

* 66.1

BDE-37

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

37.1

* 55.3

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-47

8380

6490

2900

8390

33500

17200

5460

17500

7450

13000

18200

6550

6570

BDE-49

136

57.5

48

83.9

275

140

97.6

117

98.3

112

156

70.5

82.6

BDE-51

< 27.4

* 22.6

< 27.2

< 43.6

83.8

47.5

< 24.6

* 76.4

< 23.4

< 34.1

* 38

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-66

122

* 73.4

* 55.2

128

506

240

87.4

215

* 101

169

207

93.3

93.5

BDE-71

* 31.3

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

70.8

30.5

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-75

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

85.1

32.9

< 24.6

* 38.5

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-77

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-79

39

23.6

< 27.2

* 55.5

140

103

26.6

78.1

32.8

* 38.8

48

25.5

36.3

BDE-85

177

103

53.2

148

745

254

95.3

306

137

229

365

99.9

75.9

BDE-99

2210

1210

987

1870

9280

3290

1400

3170

1490

3310

3680

1440

1130

BDE-100

1550

1440

454

1260

6350

4780

866

7230

1650

2550

3380

1150

922

BDE-105

< 32

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 57.8

< 34.3

< 26

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 36

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-116

< 45.4

< 22.1

< 28

< 85.4

< 48.8

< 36.9

< 25.3

< 42.3

* 51.7

< 34.3

< 50.5

23.9

< 33

BDE-119/120

< 29

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 53.6

* 54.8

* 48

< 24.6

* 56.2

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 32.8

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-126

< 27.4

< 22.1

< 27.2

< 43.6

< 25.7

< 25.7

< 24.6

< 31.3

< 23.4

< 34.1

< 27.7

< 19.1

< 31.9

BDE-128

< 27.9

< 134

< 31.4

< 52.6

< 43.2

< 34.6

< 31.5

< 40.8

< 25.2

< 39.4

< 37.3

< 20.8

< 36.5

BDE-138/166

47.9

* 40.4

< 27.2

* 56.8

121

101

< 24.6

84.2

32.4

59

93.8

21.2

< 31.9

BDE-140

56.7

28

< 27.2